Abstract
The changing-subject and changing-task models were compared empirically as explanations of temporal change in the prediction of performance from ability measures. An experimental group of 48 college students was administered 6 measures of visual acuity, 6 of reaction time, and 12 of tracking performance. A control group of 18 students completed the tests of visual acuity and reaction time. Significant rank order changes occurred on reaction time measures but not on visual acuity measures. A significant temporal change occurred for the reaction-time-tracking-performance relationship but not the visual-acuity-tracking relationship. The validity coefficients for postdiction of late tracking, with reaction time, were higher than those for the prediction of late trials but lower than those for the prediction of early trials. These results (1) demonstrated that a complex model is needed to account for the phenomenon, (2) gave support to a changing-subject effect, and (3) gave ambiguous support to a changing-task effect.
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