Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the ability of new swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology to detect changes in retinal and choroidal thickness in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods A total of 101 healthy and 97 MS eyes underwent retinal and choroidal assessment using SS Triton OCT (Topcon). Macular thickness and peripapillary data (retinal, ganglion cell layer (GCL+, GCL++) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness) were analyzed, including choroidal thickness evaluation. Results Significant macular thinning was observed in all ETDRS areas (p < 0.001) in MS patients. Peripapillary retinal, RNFL, and GCL ++ thickness showed a significant reduction in patients in all sectors (p < 0.001) except in the nasal quadrant/sector (p > 0.05). GCL+ measurements were found to be reduced in the nasal (p=0.003), inferonasal (p=0.045), and temporal (p=0.001) sectors and total thickness (p < 0.001). Choroidal thickness was reduced in the outer macular ring in MS patients compared with controls (p=0.038). Conclusion New swept-source technology for OCT devices detects retinal thinning in MS patients, providing increased depth analysis of the choroid in these patients. MS patients present reduced retinal and choroidal thickness in the macular area and reduced peripapillary retinal, RNFL, and GCL thickness.
Highlights
Optic nerve atrophy and thinning of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) are two typical findings of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS)
Digital imaging technologies in ophthalmology have greatly improved in the recent years. e most recent milestone in the development of retina and choroid structural visualization strategies is swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT), which overcomes the scattering of light on the choroid thanks to longer wavelengths than those used in SD systems (1,050 nm vs 840 nm) [14]. e scan speed in SS-OCT devices is of 100,000 A scans/sec, providing more accurate three-dimensional images of the retina and choroid [14, 15]
Patients with previous ON history were excluded from the study because we aimed at evaluating the ability of Triton OCT to detect subclinical axonal damage in the RNFL of these patients compared to controls
Summary
Optic nerve atrophy and thinning of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) are two typical findings of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Axonal damage is considered to be the main cause of disability in MS [3,4,5] and can be detected and quantified at the level of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) using ocular imaging technologies, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) [5,6,7,8,9,10]. We evaluated retinal and choroidal thickness in patients with MS without previous ON episodes (that is, without acute loss of RNFL thickness), using new SSdeep range imaging (DRI) OCT technology and compared Digital imaging technologies in ophthalmology have greatly improved in the recent years. e most recent milestone in the development of retina and choroid structural visualization strategies is swept-source (SS) OCT, which overcomes the scattering of light on the choroid thanks to longer wavelengths than those used in SD systems (1,050 nm vs 840 nm) [14]. e scan speed in SS-OCT devices is of 100,000 A scans/sec, providing more accurate three-dimensional images of the retina and choroid [14, 15].
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