Abstract
M. S. Smith and C. L. Ownby. Ability of polyvalent (Crotalidae) antivenin to neutralize myonecrosis, hemorrhage and lethality induced by timber rattlesnake ( Crotalus horridus horridus) venom. Toxicon 23, 409 – 424, 1985. — The local and lethal effects of crude Crotalus horridus horridus venom were quantitated and the ability of polyvalent (Crotalidae) antivenin to neutralize these effects was studied. A light microscopy assay was used to measure myonecrosis, a new method based on the amount of hemoglobin present in the injected muscle was used to measure hemorrhage and the ld 50 was used as a measure of lethality. Results indicate that polyvalent (Crotalidae) antivenin significantly neutralized myonecrosis in mice at venom doses of 3.0 and 6.0 μg/g, hemorrhage at doses of venom up to 12.0 μg/g, and lethality at a dose equivalent to 2.5 times the ld 50.
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