Aberrations in nonparaxial holography

Abstract

Analytical expressions are given for a reconstructed wave front from a hologram of a point object in a general holographic system. The locations of astigmatic images are found from the radii of principal curvature of the wave front. By using the expressions of the wave front, wave and ray aberrations are derived in which the second-order terms of the direction cosines of an object and a reference and also illuminating rays, each incident upon the origin, are taken into account. These aberrations are considered to be those of off-axis zone plates.