Abstract
Recent studies show that Karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) is up-regulated in quite a number of cancers and associated with poor prognosis. Here, we found that expression levels of KPNA2 and OCT4 are up-regulated in bladder cancer tissues and significantly associated with primary tumor stage and bladder cancer patients' poorer prognosis. Our data also showed decreased cell proliferation and migration rates of bladder cancer cell lines when the expression of KPNA2 and OCT4 was silenced. Meanwhile, cell apoptosis rate was increased. Furthermore, Co-IP and immunofluorescence assay showed the KPNA2 interacts with OCT4 and inhibits OCT4 nuclear transportation when KPNA2 was silenced. Thus, we confirmed that up-regulated KPNA2 and OCT4 expression is a common feature of bladder cancer that is correlated with increased aggressive tumor behavior. Also, we propose that KPNA2 regulates the process of OCT4 nuclear transportation in bladder cancer.
Highlights
Bladder cancer occupied the first position of incidence and mortality among genitourinary tumors in china [1]
We found that expression levels of Karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) and OCT4 are up-regulated in bladder cancer tissues and significantly associated with primary tumor stage and bladder cancer patients’ poorer prognosis
We confirmed that up-regulated KPNA2 and OCT4 expression is a common feature of bladder cancer that is correlated with increased aggressive tumor behavior
Summary
Bladder cancer occupied the first position of incidence and mortality among genitourinary tumors in china [1]. The high mortality rate of bladder cancer is in part due to lack of early detection of biological marker [4]. One of the important reasons is lack of full understanding of the mechanism to treat bladder cancer. Recent studies have shown that the development of bladder cancer is regulated by multi-gene interaction, which contains a multitude of complex process [5, 6]. We found that for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients, who have received radical nephroureterectomyh (RNU) operation, high expression of KPNA2 indicates poorer prognosis and could be used as an independent marker for bladder recurrence, overall survival(OS) and disease-free survival(DFS). The mechanism of KPNA2 in the development of bladder cancer is still unknown and needed to be further studied
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