Aberraciones corneales anteriores y posteriores medidas mediante imágenes de Scheimpflug en el queratocono en niños

Abstract

ObjectiveIdentify utility of anterior and posterior aberrations in children to differentiate healthy and keratoconus corneas by Scheimpflug imaging with the Oculus Pentacam®. MethodA retrospective comparative observational study of children between 5 and 15 years was conducted. A group with healthy corneas and another group with keratoconus stage 1 and 2. All patients were examined including Scheimpflug's images. Were studied the following variables: spherical refractive defect, cylindrical defect, BCVA, keratometry maximum, Minimum and medium, topographic astigmatism and anterior and posterior aberrations. Student t-test and unpaired Mann-Whitney test was used. ResultsAlmost all aberrations of the anterior surface except the primary and secondary horizontal coma were founded that significant differences between the groups exists. Primary vertical coma, primary spherical aberration, coma and coma-like RMS: posterior corneal surface significant differences between groups were found. In children with healthy corneas was found that in back surface vertical coma, spherical aberration, coma and coma-like RMS frequently. In the keratoconus between the anterior and posterior corneal surface exits significant differences in vertical coma, coma-RMS and coma-like RMS. ConclusionsThe measurements of the aberrations of the anterior surface Sheimpflug imaging measures are useful in early detection of keratoconus in children. The posterior corneal surface aberrations are not useful since they are not in accordance with the optical properties of the cornea.