Abstract
Okra peel exhibits numerous therapeutic effects. This study explores the potential ameliorative effects of okra peel powder on high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced hypercholesterolemia and cognitive deficits. Thirty-six C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into six groups (n = 6 per group): (i) control, mice fed with a normal diet; (ii) HFD, mice fed with HFD; (iii) HFD-SIM, mice fed with HFD and given simvastatin (20 mg/kg/day); (iv) HFD-OP1; (v) HFD-OP2; (vi) HFD-OP3, mice fed with HFD and okra peel (200, 400, or 800 mg/kg/day, respectively). Following 10 weeks of treatments, the mice were subjected to the Morris water maze (MWM). Parameters such as weekly average body weight, food intake, and blood lipid profiles were also recorded. The HFD group showed a profound increase in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein concentration compared to the control group. All okra-treated and HFD-SIM groups performed better than the HFD group during acquisition trials, whereas only the HFD-OP1 produced a significantly higher number of entries into the platform zone during the probe trial. In sum, all three okra doses improved the learning ability of the mice. However, only the lowest dose of okra significantly improved the spatial reference memory retention.
Highlights
As of 2015, a sum of 1.9 billion and 600 million adults was categorized as overweight and obese, encompassing approximately 39% of the global population [1]
The peel was collected, cleaned with passing water, dried at 60 °C in a hot-air oven until moisture content was less than 5%, and ground into fine powder using a Multi-function disintegrator moisture content was less than 5%, and ground into fine powder using ◦a Multi-function disintegrator (WF-20B)
9.00 mice fed with the HFD; (iii) HFD-SIM, mice fed with HFD and simvastatin 20 mg/kg/day; (iv) HFDOP1, HFD-OP2 and HFD-OP3 consisted of mice fed with HFD and okra peel powder of 200, 400, and AM
Summary
As of 2015, a sum of 1.9 billion and 600 million adults was categorized as overweight and obese, encompassing approximately 39% of the global population [1]. Organization, overweight and obesity is defined as an excessive accumulation of fat causing various health risks [2]. High-calorie diet intake, high food intake, and a lack of exercise are the common factors giving rise to obesity [3,4]. Being obese or overweight increases the risk of developing various non-communicable diseases, such as Diabetes Mellitus [5], cardiovascular disease [6], cancer [7] and even dementia [8]. A plethora of preclinical studies has attempted to mimic obese- or overweight-associated health complications using rodent high-fat-diet (HFD) models [9,10]. Public Health 2020, 17, 5513; doi:10.3390/ijerph17155513 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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