Abejas nativas sin aguijón en Tumbes, Perú: Caracterización genómica y comunidad bacteriana

Abstract

"Native stingless bees" are found in dry forests of the Northwest Amotapes Biosphere Reserve Mangroves, Tumbes, Peru, and nearby rural populations. These bees play an important role as pollinators of agricultural and forest crops and as suppliers of honey and pollen", Melipona mimética being the most important species. The objectives of the study were: molecular identification using three different genetic loci (Cytochrome c oxidase, 28S ribosomal RNA and 16S rRNA gene), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and bioinformatic analysis, identifying with the genres: Cephalotrigona sp., Geotrigona sp., Lestrimelitta sp., Melipona sp., Nannotrigona sp., Oxytrigona sp., Plebeia sp., Scaptotrigona, sp., Trigona sp. y Trigonisca sp. And making use of Metagenomics and Clostridium spp., Lactobacillus camelliae, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus manihotivorans, Lactobacillus paracollinoides, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus pontis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus sakei, Lactobacillus suebicus, Lactobacillus vaccinostercus, Lactobacillus vaginalis, Pediococcus acidilactici,short sequences of the 16s DNAr gene, verified in NCBI, bacterial species were found: in eggs 139, larvae 31, pupae 154 and adults 39, being the most important Clostridium spp., Lactobacillus camelliae, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus manihotivorans, Lactobacillus paracollinoides, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus pontis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus sakei, Lactobacillus suebicus, Lactobacillus vaccinostercus, Lactobacillus vaginalis, Pediococcus acidilactici and through media-dependent and media-independent techniques to: Bacillus subtilis subsp subtilis in larva, Paenibacillus xylanilyticus in pupa and adult: Humibacter sp., Acinetobacter sp., Acinetobacter nectaris and Fructobacillus sp. The genomic identification and bacterial community are relevant, as it is the first study of these species in Peru.