Abstract
The management of hard-to-heal wounds is a significant clinical challenge. Acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been successfully introduced to enhance the healing process. Here, we aimed to develop protocol for the preparation of novel ADMs from abdominoplasty skin. We used three different decellularization protocols for skin processing, namely, 1M NaCl and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, in ADM1); 2M NaCl and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, in ADM1); and a combination of recombinant trypsin and Triton X-100 (in hADM 3). We assessed the effectiveness of decellularization and ADM’s structure by using histochemical and immunochemical staining. In addition, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of novel ADMs in a murine model of wound healing. Furthermore, targeted transcriptomic profiling of genes associated with wound healing was performed. First, we found that all three proposed methods of decellularization effectively removed cellular components from abdominoplasty skin. We showed, however, significant differences in the presence of class I human leukocyte antigen (HLA class I ABC), Talin 1/2, and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (NG2). In addition, we found that protocols, when utilized differentially, influenced the preservation of types I, III, IV, and VII collagens. Finally, we showed that abdominoplasty skin-derived ADMs might serve as an effective and safe option for deep wound treatment. More importantly, our novel dressing (ADM1) improves the kinetics of wound closure and scar maturation in the proliferative and remodeling phases of wound healing. In conclusion, we developed a protocol for abdominoplasty skin decellularization suitable for the preparation of biological dressings. We showed that different decellularization methods affect the purity, structure, and therapeutic properties of ADMs.
Highlights
Despite the development of new surgical techniques, dressings, and experimental therapies, the treatment of full-thickness wounds and non-healing ulcers remains challenging [1,2,3]
The preparation of Acellular Dermal Matrix 1 (ADM1) and ADM2 started with the application of 1M- or 2M NaCl, respectively, to detach the epidermis
We found that wounds treated with ADM1 significantly resulted in increased wound closure kinetics during the proliferation phase, while remaining matrices showed normal closure kinetics
Summary
Despite the development of new surgical techniques, dressings, and experimental therapies, the treatment of full-thickness wounds and non-healing ulcers remains challenging [1,2,3]. Acellular grafts—namely, allogenic acellular dermal matrices (ADMs)—are considered safe and abundant alternatives to autologous skin grafts for the therapeutic treatment of extensive wounds [6]. Despite the beneficial therapeutic effects induced by ADM application, the direct effects of different dermal matrixes on wound healing kinetics remain elusive. Xenogeneic ADMs (mostly derived from bovine or porcine bladder and intestine) possess limited application in patients due to allergic reactions to xenogeneic collagens as well as religious considerations [11]. There exists a need to develop novel ADMs which may simultaneously increase the effectiveness of therapeutic support in the wound healing process while minimizing the chance of allergic reactions and patient concern
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