Abstract

PurposeThe effect of noncoding variants is often unknown in the absence of functional assays. Here, we characterized an ABCA4 intron 7 variant, c.859-25A>G, identified in Palestinian probands with Stargardt disease (STGD) or cone-rod dystrophy (CRD). We investigated the effect of this variant on the ABCA4 mRNA and retinal phenotype, and its prevalence in Palestine.MethodsThe ABCA4 gene was sequenced completely or partially in 1998 cases with STGD or CRD. The effect of c.859-25A>G on splicing was investigated in silico using SpliceAI and in vitro using splice assays. Homozygosity mapping was performed for 16 affected individuals homozygous for c.859-25A>G. The clinical phenotype was assessed using functional and structural analyses including visual acuity, full-field electroretinography, and multimodal imaging.ResultsThe smMIPs-based ABCA4 sequencing revealed c.859-25A>G in 10 Palestinian probands from Hebron and Jerusalem. SpliceAI predicted a significant effect of this putative branchpoint-inactivating variant on the nearby intron 7 splice acceptor site. Splice assays revealed exon 8 skipping and two partial inclusions of intron 7, each having a deleterious effect. Additional genotyping revealed another 46 affected homozygous or compound heterozygous individuals carrying variant c.859-25A>G. Homozygotes shared a genomic segment of 59.6 to 87.9 kb and showed severe retinal defects on ophthalmoscopic evaluation.ConclusionsThe ABCA4 variant c.859-25A>G disrupts a predicted branchpoint, resulting in protein truncation because of different splice defects, and is associated with early-onset STGD1 when present in homozygosity. This variant was found in 25/525 Palestinian inherited retinal dystrophy probands, representing one of the most frequent inherited retinal disease-causing variants in West-Bank Palestine.

Full Text
Published version (Free)

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call