Abstract
Objective We aimed to establish a method to determine whether microRNA-193b (miR-193b) levels in ABCA1-labeled serum exosomes might serve as a marker for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Methods We used immunocapture methods to determine the levels of ABCA1-labeled exosomal miR-193b in cultures of white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), mouse hippocampal neuron HT-22 cells, and primary mouse neuronal cells. ABCA1-labeled exosomal miR-193b levels were also evaluated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of APP/PS1 double-transgenic mice, as well as control subjects (n = 60) and study participants with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 89), stage and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 92), and dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT, n = 92). Results ABCA1 levels of exosomes harvested from the medium of HT-22 cells and neurons were significantly higher than those of RBCs and WBCs (P < 0.05). Exosomal ABCA1 from the CSF of APP/PS1 mice were transmitted to the serum of wild-type mice after injection, and high miR-193b levels were observed in both the serum and CSF after injection. The ABCA1-labeled exosomal miR-193b levels were higher in the CSF of MCI and DAT patients compared with the CSF of the control group (P < 0.05). The ABCA1-labeled exosomal miR-193b were also slightly higher (P > 0.05) in the serum of SCD patients and significantly higher in the serum of MCI and DAT patients compared with the serum of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion This study provides a method to capture specific exosomes. Detection of serum exosomes labeled with ABCA1 may facilitate the early diagnosis of AD.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disorder with progressive neuronal cell damage and apoptosis as the main cytological manifestations
The development of AD can be generally divided into subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia of Alzheimer’s type (DAT), the latter being the terminal stage
A total of 333 subjects were randomly selected from the Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University and the Beijing Xicheng District Guangwai Hospital from May 2018 to December 2019, of which 89 subjects were in the SCD group, 92 subjects were in the MCI group, and 92 subjects were in the DAT group
Summary
We aimed to establish a method to determine whether microRNA-193b (miR-193b) levels in ABCA1-labeled serum exosomes might serve as a marker for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. ABCA1-labeled exosomal miR-193b levels were evaluated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of APP/PS1 double-transgenic mice, as well as control subjects (n = 60 ) and study participants with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 89), stage and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 92), and dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT, n = 92). The ABCA1-labeled exosomal miR-193b levels were higher in the CSF of MCI and DAT patients compared with the CSF of the control group (P < 0:05). The ABCA1-labeled exosomal miR-193b were slightly higher (P > 0:05) in the serum of SCD patients and significantly higher in the serum of MCI and DAT patients compared with the serum of the control group (P < 0:05). Detection of serum exosomes labeled with ABCA1 may facilitate the early diagnosis of AD
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