Abattoir-based estimates of mycobacterial infections in Cameroon.

N F Egbe,R Ngandalo,I G Handel,M Sander,V Tanya,R F Kelly,A Muwonge,V Ngu Ngwa,S Mazeri,B M De C Bronsvoort,L Ndip,A Novak,K L Morgan,A Asuquo

doi:10.1038/srep24320

Abstract

Mycobacteria cause major diseases including human tuberculosis, bovine tuberculosis and Johne’s disease. In livestock, the dominant species is M. bovis causing bovine tuberculosis (bTB), a disease of global zoonotic importance. In this study, we estimated the prevalence of Mycobacteria in slaughter cattle in Cameroon. A total of 2,346 cattle were examined in a cross-sectional study at four abattoirs in Cameroon. Up to three lesions per animal were collected for further study and a retropharyngeal lymph node was collected from a random sample of non-lesioned animals. Samples were cultured on Lowenstein Jensen media and the BACTEC MGIT 960 system, and identified using the Hain® Genotype kits. A total of 207/2,346 cattle were identified with bTB-like lesions, representing 4.0% (45/1,129), 11.3% (106/935), 23.8% (38/160) and 14.8% (18/122) of the cattle in the Bamenda, Ngaoundere, Garoua and Maroua abattoirs respectively. The minimum estimated prevalence of M. bovis was 2.8% (1.9–3.9), 7.7% (6.1–9.6), 21.3% (15.2–28.4) and 13.1% (7.7–20.4) in the four abattoirs respectively. One M. tuberculosis and three M. bovis strains were recovered from non-lesioned animals. The high prevalence of M. bovis is of public health concern and limits the potential control options in this setting without a viable vaccine as an alternative.

Highlights

IntroductionComparisons between abattoirs of the continuous PCA scores for the first 2 components were examined using ANOVA and pairwise comparisons were made using the pairwise.t.test function with a Bonferroni correction in the R statistical environment
We identified a number of mycobacterial species dominated by M. bovis from lesions found at slaughter with the exception of 3 isolates from grossly normal lymph nodes
We identified a bovid with M. tuberculosis as has been reported in other studies in Ethiopia, Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Zambia, India and Variables Abattoir Sex Dentition Condition

Summary

Introduction

Comparisons between abattoirs of the continuous PCA scores for the first 2 components were examined using ANOVA and pairwise comparisons were made using the pairwise.t.test function with a Bonferroni correction in the R statistical environment

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion