AACE2021-A-1098: Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Thyroid Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults (AYA): An Algerian Observation

Abstract

We aim to describe clinical and pathological characteristics of thyroid cancer in an Algerian cohort of adolescents and adults patients. Medical records of patients followed in the endocrinology department of Constantine University Hospital during the period between July 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were subdivided into two age groups: < 30 (Group 1) and ≥ 40 years old (Group 2). Thyroid function, type of initial surgery, lymph node dissection, and histological findings were collected. 101 patients were included, the mean age was 31 (17- 40 years), 30.17% were aged <30 years and 85.1% were females. Diagnosis circumstances were multinodular goiter and unique thyroid nodule in 57.4% ,27.7% respectively and 12% had abnormal TSH at the moment of diagnosis. As the initial surgery, total thyroidectomy was done in 88.1% and lymph node dissection in 23.8% which was central in 13.9%, and central and lateral in 9.9%. 90.1% were papillary thyroid cancer, 7.9% (8 patients) were follicular carcinoma and 2 patients had Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP). Following the 8th AJCC classification,64% were T1, 12.9% T2, and 20.8% were T3 . Microcarcinoma represented 39.6% of cases, and 15.8% had lymph node involvement, while 1 patient had distance metastasis. Multifocality, bilaterality, vascular invasion, and capsular thyroid invasion were seen in 30.7%,15.8%,7.9%, and 17.8% respectively. As for risk stratification according to the American thyroid association (ATA) system, the initial risk was low, intermediate, and high in 41.6%,35.6%, and 10.9% respectively and data were insufficient for risk stratification in 11.9% of patients. 99% were stage I TNM and RAI therapy was done in 88.1% of patients. In analysis AYA patients aged >30 had more capsular invasion and lymph node involvement (p<0.05), and AYA patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma had more thyroid capsular invasion (p<0.05). These data give us a profile of AYA patients in the Algerian population. In our study, patients with follicular carcinoma had more capsular invasion and patients aged< 30 years had more capsular invasion and lymph node involvement.