AAC and Autism in Brazil: A Descriptive Review

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe effectiveness of using Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) with individuals with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is well documented in descriptive reviews and meta-analytic investigations published in international journals in the last decade. Most of these analyses include researches conducted in North-American or European countries, where AAC has become an evidence-based practice. Little is known, however, about the use of AAC for individuals with ASD in developing countries. The purpose of this descriptive review was to elucidate how AAC has been used with individuals with ASD in Brazil. Nineteen studies, including dissertations, theses and journal articles, published in the last five years, were analysed. Results revealed the prevalence of low-technology AAC, with a significant portion using picture-exchange communication methods. The use of higher-technology devices was limited and none of the investigations used manual signs. Most were intervention studies that used primarily quasi-experimental designs to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention packages on school-aged children in natural settings. Strengths/weaknesses of the studies, overall limitations, and recommendations for future research are discussed.