ЦЕНТРAЛЬНAЯ СЕНСИТИЗAЦИЯ ПРИ ПСOРИAТИЧЕСКOМ AРТРИТЕ

Abstract

Introduction. Chronic pain consists of nociceptive, neuropathic and nociplastic components. Nociplastic pain based on central sensitization. Patients with central sensitization may experience severe pain even with no any signs of clinical and laboratory inflammation, and describe it in descriptors of neuropathic pain. The prevalence and influence of central sensitization in clinical and laboratory activity, the development of mood disorders in patients with psoriatic arthritis are not explored well. Aim. To assess the prevalence of central sensitization in patients with psoriatic arthritis, to compare the parameters of patients with and without central sensitization. Materials and methods. We examined 107 patients with psoriatic arthritis: number of tender and swollen joints, severity of pain, patient global assessment, and C-reactive protein were determined. Activity of disease was assessed with Disease activity in psoriatic arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score. Central sensitization was determined with Central Sensitization Inventory, presence of anxiety and depression - with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Descriptors of neuropathic pain were determined with Pain Detect Questionnaire. Statistical processing was carried out with Statistics 26.0. Differences were considered significant at p-value < 0.05. Results and discussion. Central sensitization was found in 46 (43%) patients – they had patient global assessment (p=0.004) and severity of pain (p=0.002) in higher values. The C-reactive protein (p=0.423), Disease activity in psoriatic arthritis (p=0.083) did not differ between groups, but the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (p=0.002) was higher in patients with central sensitization. High prevalence of anxiety (25.2%) and depression (40.2%) was found; more often in patients with central sensitization (p=0.001 and p=0.004). Most of patients described the tactile allodynia, «electric shocks», and burning. Conclusion. Significant contribution of central sensitization to the persistence of pain in patients with psoriatic arthritis was found. The frequency of clinically significant anxiety and depression in patients with psoriatic arthritis was shown, as well as their higher prevalence among patients with central sensitization. Patients with psoriatic arthritis often described pain like neuropathic pain, which can indicate both local damage to the nervous system and the formation of pain sensitization without direct damage to peripheral nerve structures.