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Abstract
BackgroundFatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) is an intracellular protein expressed exclusively in the enterocytes of proximal small intestine. FABP2 has a high affinity for saturated and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids and is believed to be involved in the absorption and transport of dietary fatty acids.MethodsThis is a case–control study conceded in 438 T2DM cases and 460 subjects with normal glucose levels and non-obese considered as healthy controls. Allelic discrimination was performed using TaqMan single-nucleotide polymorphism was carried out by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays using purified DNA.ResultsClinical data and anthropometric measurements except age, glucose levels and lipid profile of the patients were significantly different from those of the controls (p < 0.05). Statistical analyses failed to show any type of significant association of the polymorphism between cases and controls. However logistic regression analyses was suggests that the TT genotype is significantly associated with male patients (p = 0.001). None of the allele or genotypes of FABP2 A54T was associated with T2DM cases versus the controls (AT genotype, OR = 0.85 (0.64-1.12), p = 0.25; TT genotype, OR = 0.66 (0.39-1.11), p = 0.11; T allele, 0.82 (0.67-1.02), p = 0.08).ConclusionIn conclusion, this study suggests that the above named variant in FABP2 gene is not potential contributor to the risk of T2DM and related traits in a Saudi population. However TT genotype is a risk factor for the disease in males.
Highlights
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic degenerative disease, phenotypically and genetically characterized by insulin resistance (IR) in insulin-target tissues, and impaired insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells [1]
The aim of the present study was to investigate the contribution of A54T genetic polymorphism identified by Baier et al [12] in the Fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) variants to risk of T2DM in a Saudi population, since this polymorphism results in a functionally altered FABP2 protein which confers susceptibility to metabolic disorders like T2DM, thereby to contribute to the personalized prevention of this condition and A54T polymorphism has been associated with T2DM disease in many but not all studies
The genotype distribution for A54T polymorphism showed no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) in both the case and control groups (χ2 = 0.37, p = 0.54)
Summary
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic degenerative disease, phenotypically and genetically characterized by insulin resistance (IR) in insulin-target tissues, and impaired insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells [1]. Fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) has been studied as one of the marker, due to its role in the uptake, intracellular metabolism and excretion of long chain fatty acids. This gene is located on 4q28-q31 chromosomal region, consist of approximately 3.4 kbs. The most extensively studies polymorphism was Alanine54threnonine (A54T) substitution at codon 54 of exon 2 that results from G to A nucleotide substitution and affects primary protein structure [9,10] This change affects the ability of the protein to transport dietary fatty acids, which may elevate saturated fatty acids level in the serum which might induce endothelial dysfunction leading to increased cardiovascular mortality [11]. FABP2 has a high affinity for saturated and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids and is believed to be involved in the absorption and transport of dietary fatty acids
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