Abstract
The introduction of short-acting noncumulative intra- venous (IV) anesthetics has increased the controlla- bility and thus the interest in total intravenous anes- thesia (TIVA). Total intravenous anesthesia has advantages compared with anesthesia with nitrous oxide or volatile anesthetics. For example, TIVA avoids operating room pollution with trace amounts of gaseous and volatile anesthetics and, because no nitrous oxide is used, is likely to reduce the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative hypoxia. On the other hand, TIVA has disadvantages as well. During TIVA, hypnosis and analgesia are induced and main-
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