A23: Serum cytokine profile in Wistar rat with experimental breast cancer

Abstract

It’s well documented that cytokines in patients with breast cancer are indicators of survival, assessing the risk of recurrence and mortality. However, the obtained data about serum levels of cytokines are contradictory. The problem of participation of cytokines in the growth and spread of tumors requires further study. The purpose was the determination of serum level of cytokine in experimental model of breast cancer in Wistar rat. Material and methods: Breast cancer was induced by intramammalirian injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Some of the rats were subjected to only surgery or only polychemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil).Serum levels of cytokines: Bio-Plex Pro Rat Cytokines 24-Plex Assay (Bio-Rad, USA) were used. Results It was found that the serum levels of IL-1 β , IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17A, IFN - γ , MIP-1 α , MIP-3 α , RANTES, TNF- α in rats with experimental breast cancer were significantly higher compared with intact rats. We obtained that pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with progression of breast cancer in rats. The serum levels of IL-1 α , IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IL-18, G-CSF, GM-CSF, GRO/KC, IFN- γ , MIP-1 α , RANTES in rats after surgical treatment were significantly higher compared to those in rats without surgical treatment. It was also observed that in rats after surgical treatment,the serum levels of IL-1 α , IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IL-18, G-CSF, GM-CSF, GRO/KC, IFN- γ , MIP-1 α , RANTES were decreased. We suppose that these data may indicate that tumor cells can also produce cytokines. Moreover, we obtained that in intact rats, serum levels of IL-1 α , IL-18, EPO, G-CSF, GRO/KC, MIP-1 α were higher compared to those in rats with breast cancer treated with surgery. However, the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-1 β (markers of pro- inflammation and tumor metastasis) were higher in surgically treated rats compared to those in intact rats. It has been proved that the removal of primary tumors (without regional lymph node removal and subsequent polychemotherapy) can lead to accelerated growth of metastases. It was found that the polychemotherapy resulted in a significant decrease in the serum levels of IL-1 α , IL-1 β , IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-18. Polychemotherapy also leads to suppression in serum levels RANTES, VEGF, MCP-1. We found that the serum levels of IL-2, IL-5, IL-7, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-18, G-CSF were significantly higher in rats after combination of surgery and polychemotherapy. Conclusion The serum level of cytokines in rats with experimental breast cancer depends on the type of treatment.