A17293 Relationship between amount of salt intake and long-term blood pressure variability

Abstract

Objectives: Existing data indicate that blood pressure (BP) variability is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events in patients with arterial hypertension (AH). In spite of known influence of salt intake amount on BP level, relationship between amount of salt intake and BP variability (BPV) still needs investigation. Methods: 50 men with AH (mean age 55.94 ± 9.8 years) underwent to three different 10 day salt intake diets: regular (9–12 g/day), low (2.5–4 g/day) and high (>20 g/day). Home BP measurement three times a day (9am; 3pm; 9pm) according to the standard protocol during the whole study period was used. Standard deviation (SD) of measured BPs was used to calculate BPV. Coefficient of variation was calculated in all the groups according to the salt intake amount. Results: Average SBPs, DBPs and SDs during regular, low and high salt intake were as follows: 152.4 mmHg vs 148.2 mmHg and 154.8 mmHg for SBP, 91.4 mmHg, 90.2 mmHg and 93.8 mmHg for DBP, respectively; SDs of SBP were 12.2 ± 4.2 vs 9.4 ± 3.8 vs 13.2 ± 3.5 for systolic and 6.4 ± 3.7 vs 6.3 ± 3 and 6.8 ± 3.3 for diastolic, respectively. Coefficient of variation of SBP for regular, low and high salt diets were 8 ± 2.7%, 6.3 ± 2.5% and 8.6 ± 2.3% and for DBP - 6.9 ± 4%, 7 ± 3.3% and 7.3 ± 3.5%, respectively. High salt diet significantly increased average SBP, DBP and SDs. Conclusion: Study data show, that high sodium diet leads to the higher average BP and BPV. Differences of SBP and DBP between the groups were higher than 2 mmHg. Framingham Heart Study showed that population wide reduction of DBP in 2 mmHg is associated with a 6% reduction in CHD risk and Lewington et al, in 2002 showed that SBP reduction in only 2 mmHg would lead to 7% reduction in the incidence of death secondary to stroke and 10% reduction in IHD. High BPV is considered as a strong indicator for CV events per