一、環境中鉛與錳的產前暴露對兒童早期氣質表現的可能影響;二、台灣年輕人高血壓世代研究族群雙酚A與頸動脈內膜中層厚度之相關性

Abstract

Part I. Background: The lead and manganese are the common neurotoxic metals in the environment. Co-exposure to lead and manganese could injure child neurodevelopment and cause behavior problems. Additionally, temperament performance in infant period may be a predictor of behavior problems in childhood. However, it is not clear that association between prenatal lead and manganese co-exposure and temperament performance in early childhood. Aims: The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of prenatal exposure to lead and manganese on child temperament. Methods: A total of 275 newborns from the Taiwan Birth Panel Study (TBPS) were followed up in northern Taiwan. We collected their cord blood for measuring lead and manganese levels by an Agilent 7500C ICP-MS. We used the Chinese Toddler Temperament Scale which was collected from parental reports for measuring temperament at infants and toddlers. We examined the association between lead and manganese co-exposure and child temperament by linear regression and mixed-effect models. Results: We found that under the higher manganese level, lead level in cord blood was associated with the adaptability (B=-0.385, p-value =0.058). We also found that the co-exposure of lead and manganese was associated with threshold of responsiveness (B=-0.404, p-value=0.015). Conclusions: Lead and manganese prenatal exposure may have an effect on early child temperament performance. Mechanistic studies are needed to elucidate the causal relationship. Part II. Background: The lead and manganese are the common neurotoxic metals in the environment. Co-exposure to lead and manganese could injure child neurodevelopment and cause behavior problems. Additionally, temperament performance in infant period may be a predictor of behavior problems in childhood. However, it is not clear that association between prenatal lead and manganese co-exposure and temperament performance in early childhood. Aims: The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of prenatal exposure to lead and manganese on child temperament. Methods: A total of 275 newborns from the Taiwan Birth Panel Study (TBPS) were followed up in northern Taiwan. We collected their cord blood for measuring lead and manganese levels by an Agilent 7500C ICP-MS. We used the Chinese Toddler Temperament Scale which was collected from parental reports for measuring temperament at infants and toddlers. We examined the association between lead and manganese co-exposure and child temperament by linear regression and mixed-effect models. Results: We found that under the higher manganese level, lead level in cord blood was associated with the adaptability (B=-0.385, p-value=0.058). We also found that the co-exposure of lead and manganese was associated with threshold of responsiveness (B=-0.404, p-value=0.015). Conclusions: Lead and manganese prenatal exposure may have an effect on early child temperament performance. Mechanistic studies are needed to elucidate the causal relationship.