Abstract
Introdution: Zoonosis are infectious diseases transmissible from vertebrate animals to humans under natural conditions. The infectious agents involved include bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi and rickettsia, among others. Case Presentation:A 13 year-old female teenager, presented with frequent epistaxis, pale mucosae and palpable hepatosplenomegaly on examination and history of contact with a neighbor's sick dog. Laboratory tests showed anemia, thrombocytopenia, mild hepatic dysfunction and negative serologies. Abdominal ultrasound showed moderate hepatosplenomegaly.Normal myelogram, bone marrow aspirate with positive leishmania PCR and peripheral blood positive leishmania IgM/IgG (ELISA), with negative leishmania PCR.Therapy with liposomal amphotericin B was iniciated, with progressive clinical and analytical improvement. Conclusion: Visceral Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease, caused by infection with Leishmania parasites. Human and animal reservoirs are key elements in the transmission chain.
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