Abstract
This study proposes a long period fiber grating (LPFG) with a zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle layer for use as a carbon dioxide (CO2) gas sensor. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching, corona treatment, and electrostatic spraying were used to fabricate this ZnO nanoparticle-coated LPFG CO2 gas sensor. Repeated gas sensor tests showed that, when a 15% CO2 mixture was injected (0.2 L/min) into a closed chamber into which the sensor had been placed, the CO2 gas was absorbed by the ZnO nanoparticle-coated LPFG sensor. In these tests, the transmission loss gradually decreased, and the maximum transmission loss was 2.039 dB. The concentration test results showed that as the concentration of CO2 introduced into the chamber was increased, the rate of the transmission loss change was increased in direct proportion. In addition, the sensitivity was 0.0513 dB/%. The results confirm that this low-cost ZnO nanoparticle-coated LPFG gas sensor was successfully applied to the measurement of CO2 gas. Therefore, the proposed ZnO nanoparticle-coated LPFG can be used to measure CO2 gas.
Highlights
Emissions from factories and vehicles are primarily composed of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) gas, which is one of the major greenhouse gases contributing to global warming
Long period fiber grating (LPFG) sensors are extremely sensitive to the refractive index [1,2], strain [3,4], and temperature [5,6] changes and are not affected by electromagnetic waves
Different gases can be absorbed depending on the layer coated onto the fiber optic sensors in order to change the refractive index, which in turn changes the spectral transmission loss and wavelength of the long period fiber grating (LPFG) and allows for the detection of a specific gas
Summary
Emissions from factories and vehicles are primarily composed of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) gas, which is one of the major greenhouse gases contributing to global warming. Long period fiber grating (LPFG) sensors are extremely sensitive to the refractive index [1,2], strain [3,4], and temperature [5,6] changes and are not affected by electromagnetic waves In recent years, they have been widely applied in the engineering, biomedicine, and food industries. This study used a zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle-coated [7,8,9,10] LPFG sensor as a CO2 gas sensing element. Different gases can be absorbed depending on the layer coated onto the fiber optic sensors in order to change the refractive index, which in turn changes the spectral transmission loss and wavelength of the LPFG and allows for the detection of a specific gas. This study used ZnO nanoparticle-coated LPFG to detect CO2 gas in a room temperature environment
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