A Wireless Visualized Sensing System with Prosthesis Pose Reconstruction for Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Hanjun Jiang,Yanshu Guo,Zhihua Wang,Shaolin Xiang

doi:10.3390/s19132909

Abstract

The surgery quality of the total knee arthroplasty (TKA) depends on how accurate the knee prosthesis is implanted. The knee prosthesis is composed of the femoral component, the plastic spacer and the tibia component. The instant and kinetic relative pose of the knee prosthesis is one key aspect for the surgery quality evaluation. In this work, a wireless visualized sensing system with the instant and kinetic prosthesis pose reconstruction has been proposed and implemented. The system consists of a multimodal sensing device, a wireless data receiver and a data processing workstation. The sensing device has the identical shape and size as the spacer. During the surgery, the sensing device temporarily replaces the spacer and captures the images and the contact force distribution inside the knee joint prosthesis. It is connected to the external data receiver wirelessly through a 432 MHz data link, and the data is then sent to the workstation for processing. The signal processing method to analyze the instant and kinetic prosthesis pose from the image data has been investigated. Experiments on the prototype system show that the absolute reconstruction errors of the flexion-extension rotation angle (the pitch rotation of the femoral component around the horizontal long axis of the spacer), the internal–external rotation (the yaw rotation of the femoral component around the spacer vertical axis) and the mediolateral translation displacement between the centers of the femoral component and the spacer based on the image data are less than 1.73°, 1.08° and 1.55 mm, respectively. It provides a force balance measurement with error less than ±5 N. The experiments also show that kinetic pose reconstruction can be used to detect the surgery defection that cannot be detected by the force measurement or instant pose reconstruction.

Highlights

There is an increasing number of people that suffer from arthritis or chronic joint diseases
The system consists of a multimodal sensing device, a wireless data receiver and a data processing workstation
Experiments on the prototype system show that the absolute reconstruction errors of the flexion-extension rotation angle, the internal–external rotation and the mediolateral translation displacement between the centers of the femoral component and the spacer based on the image data are less than 1.73◦, 1.08◦ and 1.55 mm, respectively

Summary

Introduction

There is an increasing number of people that suffer from arthritis or chronic joint diseases. In the United States, the number of people aged 65 and older with these symptoms will exceed 41 million by 2030 [1]. The primary surgical treatment for these patients is the total knee arthroplasty (TKA), namely, the replacement of the worn knee joint with a prosthesis implant [2,3,4,5,6]. The TKA implant is composed of three components: the femoral component, the tibia component and the polyethylene plastic spacer. Sensors 2019, 19, 2909; doi:10.3390/s19132909 www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors infection reasons such as instability, aseptic loosening, stiffness, etc. Most TKA failures are directly or indirectly caused by the operative mechanical reasons such as malalignment [5]

Methods

Results

Conclusion