Abstract
A wireless temperature sensor node composed of a piezoelectric wind energy harvester, a temperature sensor, a microcontroller, a power management circuit and a wireless transmitting module was developed. The wind-induced vibration energy harvester with a cuboid chamber of 62 mm × 19.6 mm × 10 mm converts ambient wind energy into electrical energy to power the sensor node. A TMP102 temperature sensor and the MSP430 microcontroller are used to measure the temperature. The power management module consists of LTC3588-1 and LT3009 units. The measured temperature is transmitted by the nRF24l01 transceiver. Experimental results show that the critical wind speed of the harvester was about 5.4 m/s and the output power of the harvester was about 1.59 mW for the electrical load of 20 kΩ at wind speed of 11.2 m/s, which was sufficient to power the wireless sensor node to measure and transmit the temperature every 13 s. When the wind speed increased from 6 m/s to 11.5 m/s, the self-powered wireless sensor node worked normally.
Highlights
Small-scale or micro-scale energy harvesters, which convert ambient energy into electrical energy, are ideal electrical sources of wireless sensor nodes due to advantages as small volumes, long lives, maintenance-free and so on
The performance of the self-powered wireless temperature node was tested in the small wind tunnel
By keeping the wind speed fixed as 11.2 m/s, the performance of the wireless sensor node was evaluated
Summary
Small-scale or micro-scale energy harvesters, which convert ambient energy into electrical energy, are ideal electrical sources of wireless sensor nodes due to advantages as small volumes, long lives, maintenance-free and so on. By placing a piezoelectric cantilever with a wide fin in the wake of a cylinder blunt body, the harvester produced output power of 3 mW on a 220 kΩ resistor at wind speed of 5 m/s. A MEMS piezoelectric harvesting element, which was fixed on the free-end of a cantilevered flexible copper sheet with the dimension of 19 mm × 5 mm × 0.1 mm, produced maximum output power of 1.6 μW when wind speed was 15.9 m/s [19]. The wind-induced vibration piezoelectric energy harvesters must be packaged when they are used to power a wireless sensor node in real applications. A self-powered wireless sensor node for temperature measurement, which was powered by a wind-induced vibration piezoelectric energy harvester, was developed. A self-powered wireless temperature sensor node powered by the harvester was introduced and experimentally characterized
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