Abstract
In this article, we present implementation details of a generative satellite maritime propagation channel model at L-band. In an earlier paper, we presented the parameterization of the channel model for the narrowband case based on recordings of GPS L1 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C/N_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> time-series in different sea state conditions. Additionally, we performed wider band measurements using GPS E5a (≈10 Mcps—chips per second— > 20 MHz bandwidth) and obtained estimations of power delay profiles. Due to lack of dynamic range and delay resolution, in these measurements, no conclusive information was gathered on the time spreading caused by the channel. What was clear is that the time spreading was not significant outside the first signal chip, i.e., <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\approx 0.1~\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . Still wideband modeling is required within this spreading range. Now, we want to extend the model to the wideband case. To achieve this goal, we have used a rough surface scattering model applicable to sea surfaces and employed it to characterize the time dispersion to be expected. Additionally, we also used this scattering model to help verify the validity of the existing Doppler spread model. Furthermore, ship movements in the waves play a role. We try and analyze this issue. Finally, we present a detailed discussion on various implementation issues we came across when coding the simulator.
Highlights
I N this paper we present a time-series synthesizer reproducing the Channel Impulse Response, CIR, of the satellite maritime channel at L-Band
Afterwards, we present the sea surface diffuse scattering module (Section V) where we analyze the different possible behaviors encountered in satellite maritime links for different sea states
A simplified geometrical description of the propagation scenario is outlined in Fig.7 where we show the satellite on YZ-plane and the ship at origin
Summary
The technique employed basically consisted in extending the correlation process in the vicinity of the tracked direct signal to cover, at least, two chips of the pseudo-random sequence This means we repeated the correlation process with a spacing of fractions of the chip time to obtain and estimate shape of the CIR (Channel Impulse Response). We have a dynamic range in the order of 12 dB, clearly insufficient for detecting the multipath power (MP) components extending over to the second and third chip periods after the one containing the direct and reflected rays In these measurements no conclusive information was gathered on the time spreading caused by the channel, mostly due to insufficient bandwidth and to lack of dynamic range. Still we wanted to look into how much MP is there and how is it spread over the delay
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