Abstract
Development of textile antennas is an important segment towards the goal of creating smart clothing. In this paper, we report on a jeans-based circularly polarized textile antenna designed for the E-band (around 2.45 GHz). We present three variations of the design and the respective results. The antenna comprises a multi-layer jeans-fabric as the substrate, a conductive fabric as the patch, which is concealed with another layer of jeans, and the ground plane is formed by either a cooper foil or another conductive fabric. A multi-layer structure was chosen to provide a wider bandwidth and better efficiency, whereas the upper surface of the antenna was covered by one more layer of jeans to both make the antenna less conspicuous, when worn on the arm, and protect the patch and substrate from mechanical damages and moisture. All three variants are characterized by a good realized gain of about 3 dB, a wide beam width and a wide bandwidth of 21% or better, around 2.45 GHz, having the radiation efficiency around 36%, and front-to-back ratio of 5 dB or better, with the ground plane being just slightly larger than the patch.
Highlights
Technological developments have enabled us to envision a new type of solutions, commonly referred to as wearable electronics
We report on a jeans-based circularly polarized textile antenna designed for the E-band
When it comes to jeans-based antenna we can make a short overview of prior art by grouping them by the material that was used for the patch and/or ground plane, the polarization type and the line feed
Summary
Technological developments have enabled us to envision a new type of solutions, commonly referred to as wearable electronics. Some fabrics that are commonly used in garment industry have been the basis for the substrate in [11] When it comes to jeans-based antenna we can make a short overview of prior art by grouping them by the material that was used for the patch and/or ground plane, the polarization type and the line feed. We propose a wideband and circularly polarized textile antenna that is based on jeans fabric as the substrate in combination with electro-conductive fabrics as the radiating patch and the ground plane, while the antenna excitation is based on the probe feed for the design frequency at 2.45 GHz. The objectives here were to: 1) apply a fabrication process that is simple; 2) use materials that are available; 3) make the antenna small to be suitable for wearing on clothing apparel in the area of upper arm and be visually inconspicuous; 4) make it more effective for communication by the use of a circular polarization
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