Abstract
Pipelines are important methods of oil and gas transportation and are fundamental to many country’s economies. Pipeline safety is a critical issue; over 96% of pipeline accidents due to ground movement are caused by slope hazards and these can lead to serious personnel and property losses. Therefore, effective pipeline slope hazard monitoring and early warning is crucial, but there are many limitations to existing measures. The recent advance in remote sensing technologies enables the collection of slope hazards information that maps the spatial distribution of landslide. But this approach cannot provide real-time monitoring and early warning as there is a time lag due to image processing. Also, pipelines are considered separately from the slope hazard, with only slope event occurrence assessed rather than quantification of the impact of the hazard on the pipeline. Here, we report on a whole process risk management system for the pipeline slope hazard, incorporating monitoring and early warning of pipeline slope hazards. Three sites at risk of slope hazard on the Guangdong Dapeng Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Company pipeline in Guandong, South China - Zhangmutou, Huoshaogang and Dapeng New District - were selected for research and implementation of the whole process risk management, monitoring and early warning system. The system is shown to operate well and, overall, we found that the three sites are relatively stable at present. This research provides widely applicable guidance for the prevention, control, and early warning of pipeline slope hazards.
Highlights
As important methods of oil and gas transportation, oil and gas pipelines are fundamental to the economy of many countries, and pipeline safety is a critical issue
We develop a procedure for whole process risk management, monitoring and early warning to prevent and control pipeline slope hazards
The procedure we developed for whole process risk management, monitoring and early warning of pipeline slope hazards, which incorporates pre-hazard risk assessment-hazard monitoring and early warning-real-time calculation of hazard risk, is in the form of a hierarchical management system (Figure 2)
Summary
As important methods of oil and gas transportation, oil and gas pipelines are fundamental to the economy of many countries, and pipeline safety is a critical issue. As of the end of 2020, there were 144,000 km of long-distance oil and gas pipelines in China, with many under planning and construction (Gao et al, 2021). Early-Warning of Pipeline Slope Hazards natural hazards (Zhao et al, 2006). In March 2019, a landslide induced by heavy rainfall caused a natural gas pipeline in Iran to rupture and explode, interrupting the gas supply to over 12,000 users (Vasseghi et al, 2021). We selected three sites representing typical pipeline unstable slope hazards in high-risk sites for our monitoring and early warning research: Zhangmutou, Dongguan; Huoshaogang landfill in Panyu; and Shenzhen Dapeng New District. 2.2 Characteristics of Pipeline Slope Hazard Monitoring and Early Warning Study Sites. Surface stratum is dominated by silty clay or gravel clay, and the sub-
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