Abstract
To our knowledge, recent oral health data in Romania is poor, as no comprehensive oral health surveys have been carried out in the last five years. The present cross-sectional oral health survey aimed to assess the dental health status in 6 and 12-year old children from Transylvania, in correlation with their family background, oral-health behavior, and the intake of sweets. The study was conducted on 290 children from nine schools in the Transylvanian region of Romania. The study consisted of the clinical examination of children, recording of data in an International Cavity Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) chart, and a questionnaire referring to the child’s parental education, frequency, and motivation of visits to the dentist, dental care habits, and the intake of sweets. Our results indicated that the most prevalent ICDAS scores recorded in 6-year-old children were “0A” (p = 0.001464), “03” (p = 0.00366), “05” (p = 0.005563), “06” for rural areas. Restorations were statistically more prevalent in the urban population (p = 0.000076). The ICDAS score for 12-year old children was “03” (p = 0.003614) and prevalent in the urban area. The ICDAS score for the rural area was “04” (p = 0.0056). Comparing dental health status with family background demonstrated a strong correlation for the group of 6-year-old children, and a lack of correlation for the 12-year-old children. The number of dental visits corelated with the parents’ backgrounds, and was higher in the urban population. Frequent hygiene habits (toothbrushing) were statistically correlated with lower ICDAS scores: “04” (p = 0.016482), “05” (p = 0.039127), “06” (p = 0.010785). Eating habits in both age groups were associated with statistically significant differences of “03”, “04”, “05”, “06”, “0A” in the ICDAS score. The obtained results provided clarification on the dental health situation in Romania and the potential risk factors of caries among the population, and therefore it could be used as a starter point for future studies to investigate, in depth, the effects of various variables on cavities found in Transylvanian schoolchildren.
Highlights
Tooth decay is considered among the most prevalent diseases in children, affecting about 50%children across the globe [1]
In assessing the dental status of the enrolled children, the observations for each group of age were made according to the frequencies of the International Cavity Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) scores considering all dental surfaces
By taking into consideration the place of residence for the subjects, a significant difference with regard to the presence of score “06” was observed between children from the urban and rural areas in favor of the urban area, meaning the presence of the most serious score was more frequent in the rural area—630 scores opposed to 565 scores in the urban area; the first was related to 1236 affected surfaces compared with the second one which was related to 1007 affected surfaces (Table 2)
Summary
Children across the globe [1] It is a multifactorial, chronic childhood disease, and it is the result of multiple etiological factors such as dietary habits, oral microorganisms that ferment sugars, and host susceptibility. Chronic childhood disease, and it is the result of multiple etiological factors such as dietary habits, oral microorganisms that ferment sugars, and host susceptibility These factors have to coexist for dental caries to initiate and develop [2]. Significantbetween differences the frequencies visits and the educational of In. 12-year old patients, we observed a lack of statistical correlation between the number of visits the parents. In 12-year oldchildren patients, a lack of educational statistical correlation between number offathers visits were high-school (double the frequency of all other background, qualifications). Parents had graduated afrom high-school or had or a higher education demonstrated an increased numbernumber of visitsof forvisits theirfor children a high-school had a higher education demonstrated an increased their tochildren the dentist in comparison with less qualified werethere no statistical to the dentist in comparison with less parents, qualifiedalthough parents, there were no significant statistical differences thebetween frequencies of visits andofthe educational backgroundbackground for either offor theeither parents.
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