A Web-Based Survey Assessing the Attitudes of Health Care Professionals in Germany Toward the Use of Telemedicine in Pregnancy Monitoring: Cross-Sectional Study.

Christof Sohn,Julia Spratte,Juliane Nees,Katharina Schramm,Sarah Schott,Timm C Schott,Niklas Grassl

doi:10.2196/10063

Abstract

BackgroundThe demand for fetal monitoring and constant reassurance is high in pregnant women. Consequently, pregnant women use various health apps and are more likely to visit emergency departments due to subjective but nonurgent complaints. However, electronic health (eHealth) and mobile health (mHealth) solutions are rarely used to prevent nonurgent emergency consultations. To implement modern care solutions, a better understanding of the attitudes, fears, and hopes of health care professionals toward eHealth and mHealth is needed.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of health care professionals in obstetrics toward telemedicine.MethodsA quantitative Web-based survey on health care professionals in obstetrics in Germany was conducted. The participants included nurses, midwives, and physicians of all age groups and job positions working in hospitals that provide various levels of health care. The questionnaire comprised 24 questions about the characteristics of the study population, views about emergency consultations in obstetrics, attitude toward telemedicine, job satisfaction, and sleeping behavior.ResultsIn total, 244 health care professionals participated in the Web-based survey. In general, health care professionals were skeptical (170/233, 72.9%) about the use of telemedicine in obstetrics; however, 55.8% (130/233) recognized its potential. Moreover, 72% (62/86) of physicians were optimistic in using apps for pregnancy monitoring, whereas 36.1% (47/130) of nonphysicians (P<.001) were not. Significantly, more nonphysicians rejected such developments (75/130, 57.7% rejected) compared with physicians (24/86, 28%; P<.001). We also found that obstetricians with more than 10 years of work-experience are more skeptical; however, approximately 49% (18/37) of them believed that telemedicine could reduce nonurgent emergency consultations, whereas 73.2% (106/145) of obstetricians with less than 5 years of experience (P=.01) thought otherwise. Our survey revealed a high job satisfaction and a prevalence of regular sleeping problems of 45.9% (91/198) among health care professionals in obstetrics. Surprisingly, both job satisfaction and sleeping problems were independent from the number of night shifts per month (P=.77 and P=.99, respectively). Yet, 56.6% (112/198) of the survey participants thought they would be happier with their job if they had to work fewer night shifts per month.ConclusionsOur study reveals an ambivalent attitude toward the use of telemedicine among health care professionals in obstetrics in Germany at the moment. Efforts to promote the use of telemedicine should focus on nurses and midwives because these groups are the most skeptical. By contrast, particularly young physicians recognize the potential of apps in patient care and would like to use such technology in pregnancy monitoring.

Highlights

Physician-Patient Interaction in the Digital AgeInformation technology is transforming our world and will inevitably change the way physicians monitor their patients’ health
We found that obstetricians with more than 10 years of work-experience are more skeptical; approximately 49% (18/37) of them believed that telemedicine could reduce nonurgent emergency consultations, whereas 73.2% (106/145) of obstetricians with less than 5 years of experience (P=.01) thought otherwise
Our study reveals an ambivalent attitude toward the use of telemedicine among health care professionals in obstetrics in Germany at the moment

Summary

Introduction

Physician-Patient Interaction in the Digital AgeInformation technology is transforming our world and will inevitably change the way physicians monitor their patients’ health. The general public is open-minded about monitoring their well-being electronically, as illustrated by the fact that 65% of mobile phone users have downloaded at least one health or fitness app and that new devices are being developed to monitor and improve patientscompliance [2,3] This does apply to a healthy population and to patients with chronic diseases, for example, kidney transplant recipients [4,5]. Physicians seem less positive and more reluctant to use electronic health care records and linked Web messaging during patient interaction [6,7] This partly explains why telemedicine and smart wearable body sensors have not been widely adopted. To implement modern care solutions, a better understanding of the attitudes, fears, and hopes of health care professionals toward eHealth and mHealth is needed

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Discussion

Conclusion