Abstract
AbstractA weak‐constraint four‐dimensional variational (4D‐Var) analysis system designed to correct stratospheric model errors has been evaluated. Verifications against upper‐level radiosonde temperature observations and Stratospheric Sounding Unit (SSU) radiance data show that the addition of a weak constraint in the stratosphere can greatly reduce analysis bias. Both single‐observation analysis experiments and extended assimilations have been performed to help us understand the impact of the model error covariance specifications required for the weak‐constraint formulation. It is found that the use of multivariate balance constraints similar to those implemented in background‐error covariances can be problematic. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
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