A watershed sustainability model based on the integration of livestock, conservation agriculture, and local wisdom in Indonesia

Abstract

Watersheds play an important role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem and protecting water resources. However, there are currently a number of environmental problems which threaten the sustainability of this ecosystem. The goal of this research is to describe a watershed sustainability model to deal with these problems. The research was carried out in the Keduang Watershed in Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province. A qualitative research method was used to gain a deep and comprehensive understanding and to adapt current methods to the developing situation through the integration of livestock, conservation agriculture, and local wisdom. The secondary data collected included the agriculture, livestock farming, and conservation conditions. The primary data were obtained through participative observation and in-depth interviews with farmers, livestock breeders, and stakeholders, to understand the practices used, the challenges faced, and the benefits felt. The data analysis used a process of coding, thematization, and grouping to identify the patterns, themes, and perspectives that emerged. The interpretation of results included an evaluation of the success, challenges, and benefits of the model applied. The research results show that the watershed sustainability model based on the integration of livestock, conservation agriculture, and local wisdom has a positive impact on economic, socio-cultural, and environmental aspects. This model can serve as a strong foundation for implementing sustainable agriculture and livestock farming practices, as well as contributing to the conservation of natural resources, and preserving local wisdom.