A Water-cooled Radiator Driven by Memory Alloy

Abstract

The traditional electronic equipment cooling system uses electric to drive water pump, it will consume energy. The motor operating power is constant, resulting in a waste of power. After cutting off the power supply, water pumps stop working so that the heat inside the appliance can’t be cleared. In this paper, use the recovery characteristics of shape memory alloy to create dual diameter pulley turbine, the two groups of alloy wires including heat coil and cold coil drive dual diameter pulley turbine rotating to form a pump system to replace the traditional water cooling system driven by an electric pump in order to save energy. Then the article analyses the system stability with Cobweb model. Realize the innovation of structure and principles. Enhance environmental protection of the water-cooled units. 1. Traditional Way of Driving Water-cooled System Water coolingknown asliquid cooling, the efficiency of water-cooledis 20 times than air-cooled. In addition to the specific heat capacityand density ofliquidis much larger than gas,water cooling can makethe systemstructure more compact.Cooling systemneed to usea pumpto providepressure tocirculate waterinsystem, coolingfluidmake heat transferprocessbetweenthe wall of pipeandradiator. Traditionalwater-cooledelectronicradiator’s water pumpimpelleris rotatedby electric motortodrivewaterflowingin the pipe. Electric drivewill consumesome energy. The use of electric-driven motor makes output power a constant, resulting in a waste of power. Aftercutting offthe power supply,water pumpsstop working, so thattheheatinside the appliancecan’t bescattered, causing the lossof electricallife.As can be seen, there are manynon-environmental considerations in traditional water cooling system. 2. Memory Alloy Driven Approach of Water Cooler Nickel-Titaniummemory alloy will form areversiblethermo-elasticmartensitic transform ation when cooled below a certain temperature. The recovery of shape can be achievedat high temperatures.Whenthe shape memoryalloyeffect occurs, it will result a greatforce so that we can usethe shape memoryeffectto transferheatinto mechanical energy. In 1977,Johnsonproposeddualdiameter pulley turbineengine [1]: the pulleyguid enitinol spiral coilthrough cold sink andhotwater tank, one coil is suspended ona dualdiameter pulley turbineto cause thestretcheffect; the other is suspended to cause compressioneffect.The heating coil’s tensionis greater than thecoolingcoil’s tension, so it willresultpoweroutputting. As the Fig.1 shows, with the use of memory alloy dualdiameter pulley turbine principle, the heat sink pulley 3 is provided in the collector device 5, the heat generated by the heating element 5-1 go through the first metal radiator 4 so that nitinol wire13 wounded on the hot groove pulley will produces tension by thermal expansion; cold groove pulley 10 is provided on slot 9 of the cooling liquid reservoir 8, the nitinol wire wounded on a cold groove pulley will produce tension by cold contraction; the two sets of coils are set on the same differential double diameter pulley 1. This time, the power done by the hot spiral coil’s tension is greater than the power done by the tension of the cold spiral coil, making dualdiameter pulley rotates by the force difference between the hot helical coil and cold spiral coil, so as to drive the impeller 12 and the linkage 11 which connected to the 3rd International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Information Technology Applications (ICMMITA 2015) © 2015. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 1549 pulley to rotate, so the pump device is formed. This pump system instead of the traditional electric water-cooled cooling system pumps, drive cold water through the second conduit 2-1 from the cold water storage tank, and out to the enclosed drive slot 14, and then flows go through the first conduit 2 to collector device, cold water absorb the heat in element area where the heat continue to heat up to form hot water, then flow through the heating zone by third conduit2-2 into the heat exchanger, radiator cooling fan 7 and metal heat exchanger 6 will make heat dissipation of water. The cooled water flows back to 8 to achieve the purpose of cooling the heating elements. Fig. 1 Diagram of water cooling system driven by memory alloy Fig. 2 3D model of memory alloy pump system As can be seen, thiswork retains the traditionalwater coolercollectormodules, flow ducts, etc. Add the heats storagemodule andmemory alloymodules, to usememory alloyheat engine to replaceelectricmotorcoolingpumps. Memory alloy drivingthewater coolercan beadjusted with theinternaltemperature of the powerchangingsize. Afterthe heating elements cutting off power, theheatpump systemcan continue to work driven by disperseheat, which will help prolongthe life ofelectrical appliances, and enhance the cooling system’s environmental protection. 3. Theoretical Analysis of Stability with Cobweb Model The calculation formula for the efficiency of memory alloy engine is shown below [1]: