Abstract
Here, the immunomodulatory effects of water-soluble polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa on RAW264.7 macrophages and its molecular mechanisms were investigated. G. frondosa polysaccharide could obviously enhance immunostimulatory activity such as the release of nitric oxide and cytokine production. Western blotting results showed that G. frondosa polysaccharide elevated the TLR4, which might act as an upstream regulator of MyD88 induced G. frondosa polysaccharide. MyD88 promoted IKKβ in endochylema and translocate NF-κB p65 subunit into the nucleus which increased the NO production and cytokine/chemokines level. The results suggested that G. frondosa polysaccharide activated macrophages through TLR4-MyD88-IKKβ-NF-κBp65 signaling pathways.
Highlights
Polysaccharides are a product of living matter, and are widely present in animals, plants and microorganisms
The results showed that the number of RAW264.7 cells was enhanced with the increase of the dose of GFPS
It was found that at the dose of 40 μg/mL green fluorescence in nuclear area had been enhanced brightness. These results indicated that GFPS could induce RAW264.7 cells activation and affect the level of nucleic acid metabolism
Summary
Polysaccharides are a product of living matter, and are widely present in animals, plants and microorganisms. A large number of experiments have shown that polysaccharides have a wide variety of biological functions, such as immune regulation, antiviral, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor effects, hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects [1,2,3,4,5]. Polysaccharides could improve the body’s immune system by activating relevant cells and promoting cytokine secretion and antibody production [7]. Some polysaccharides display multiple pharmacological functions by regulating the immune process [8,9,10]. Polysaccharides have broad application potentials in the area of health products because of their good activities, relatively low toxicity and side effects [11]
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