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Abstract
BackgroundAlthough migraine phenotype has been widely described, the explanation of migraine pathophysiology still has a gap that might be partly bridged by neuroimaging investigations. The aim of the study is to assess volumetric brain changes in migraineurs compared with controls, and in episodic migraine in comparison to chronic type. Structural brain changes in migraineurs (with and without aura) were assessed by an automated segmentation method (Free Surfer). T1-weighted MRIs of 25 migraineurs (14 diagnosed as episodic type and 11 diagnosed as chronic migraine) and 25 headache-free controls were evaluated and processed.ResultsMigraine patients had significant reduction of the volume of total brain, grey matter, brain stem, cerebellum, basal ganglia, thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala in comparison to control subjects. Patients with chronic migraine had significant reduction in volume of total brain, grey matter, cerebellum and frontal lobe thickness in comparison to those with episodic migraine.ConclusionMigraineurs showed volumetric brain changes mainly in areas related to central processing of pain and in areas specific for migraine (such as brain stem) when compared to healthy controls. Chronic migraineurs showed significant reduction in grey matter, in areas involved in processing of pain, cognition and multisensory integration versus patients with episodic migraine, which adds insight into the pathophysiology of migraine as a progressive disorder that may have long-term impacts on the brain as regards structure and function.
Highlights
Migraine phenotype has been widely described, the explanation of migraine pathophysiology still has a gap that might be partly bridged by neuroimaging investigations
The patients group was divided into another two subgroups: 14 patients diagnosed as episodic migraine (56%) with mean age (28.35 ± 6.87) and 11 patients diagnosed as chronic migraine (44.0%) with mean age (34.36 ± 5.62), with statistically significant difference between two subgroups as patients with Chronic migraine (CM) were older
The most important finding of this study is that migraine patients had statistically significant decreased brain volume in comparison to age and sexmatched control subjects regarding total brain volume and segmental brain volume
Summary
Migraine phenotype has been widely described, the explanation of migraine pathophysiology still has a gap that might be partly bridged by neuroimaging investigations. The aim of the study is to assess volumetric brain changes in migraineurs compared with controls, and in episodic migraine in comparison to chronic type. T1-weighted MRIs of 25 migraineurs (14 diagnosed as episodic type and 11 diagnosed as chronic migraine) and 25 headache-free controls were evaluated and processed. 33% of migraine patients have a short-lived neurological symptom, the so-called aura. It is identified by a variant called migraine with aura. The classical episodic type of the disease usually transforms into a chronic form and the reverse is possible. It is reported 3% of patients who have an episodic migraine progress into chronic migraine
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