A voltammetric biosensor based on ionic liquid/NiO nanoparticle modified carbon paste electrode for the determination of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)

Abstract

Herein we report a NiO/nanoparticles (NiO/NPs) modified carbon ionic liquid paste electrode (IL/NiO/NPs/CPE) was fabricated and used to investigate the electrochemical behavior of NADH in aqueous solution. The proposed sensor was prepared by mixing hydrophilic ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-butylimidazolium bromide, NiO/NPs, graphite powder and liquid paraffin together. The oxidation peak potential of NADH at the surface of the ionic liquid NiO/NPs carbon paste electrode appeared at 635mV, which was about 70mV lower than the oxidation peak potential at the surface of traditional carbon CPE under similar conditions. On other hand, the oxidation peak current was increased to about four times at the surface of IL/NiO/NPs/CPE compared to CPE. The linear response range and detection limit were found to be 0.03–900μmolL−1 and 0.009μmolL−1, respectively. IL/NiO/NPs/CPE was successfully applied for the determination of NADH in real samples such as water, serum and urine. The results showed that the proposed method is highly selective, sensitive with a fast response for NADH analysis.