Abstract
In this study, we evaluated early bone responses to a vitronectin-derived, minimal core bioactive peptide, RVYFFKGKQYWE motif (VnP-16), both in vitro and in vivo, when the peptide was treated on sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) titanium surfaces. Four surface types of titanium discs and of titanium screw-shaped implants were prepared: control, SLA, scrambled peptide-treated, and VnP-16-treated surfaces. Cellular responses, such as attachment, spreading, migration, and viability of human osteoblast-like HOS and MG63 cells were evaluated in vitro on the titanium discs. Using the rabbit tibia model with the split plot design, the implants were inserted into the tibiae of four New Zealand white rabbits. After two weeks of implant insertion, the rabbits were sacrificed, the undecalcified specimens were prepared for light microscopy, and the histomorphometric data were measured. Analysis of variance tests were used for the quantitative evaluations in this study. VnP-16 was non-cytotoxic and promoted attachment and spreading of the human osteoblast-like cells. The VnP-16-treated SLA implants showed no antigenic activities at the interfaces between the bones and the implants and indicated excellent bone-to-implant contact ratios, the means of which were significantly higher than those in the SP-treated implants. VnP-16 reinforces the osteogenic potential of the SLA titanium dental implant.
Highlights
IntroductionThe transmembrane proteins on the cell membrane recognize and bind biomacromolecules adsorbed on the surface of the biomaterial [1]
Attachment of cells is the first step in cell–biomaterial interactions [1]
The cell adhesion molecules can potentiate the bone healing capacities of the modified titanium surfaces used in dental clinics without immune responses, which is shown in this study
Summary
The transmembrane proteins on the cell membrane recognize and bind biomacromolecules adsorbed on the surface of the biomaterial [1]. These biomacromolecules are from the extracellular matrix (ECM), controlling cellular behaviors such as attachment, spreading, proliferation, and differentiation depending on the interacting transmembrane receptors [2]. These ECM biomolecules, if applied to the titanium dental implant surface, are anticipated to have potential in reinforcing osseointegration [3,4,5]. Vitronectin contributes to healing of the bone surrounding a dental implant by promoting the attachment and spreading of the osteogenic cells [9,10]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
