Abstract
AbstractUser participation is a key element in decision processes concerning the accommodation of dynamic organisations such as schools. This article addresses the discrepancy between the perspectives of the architects and engineers, as the makers of school buildings, and school management, teachers and students, as the users of the buildings, and proposes that productive and efficient participatory design of school buildings requires appropriate information tools. Visual information technology tools, such as Building Information Modelling (BIM), already used in interaction between architects, engineers, consultants, etc., are proposed to support school managers, teachers and students in participating in all stages of the life cycle of their school building. The proposed use of BIM is compared to a retrospective analysis of a Dutch school which realised a completely new secondary education building. The article concludes with recommendations to increase the impact of visual information technology tools such as BIM in the design of school buildings in Europe and beyond.
Highlights
The influence of the built environment on the learning experience is a recurring subject in both educational and architectural studies
This article addresses the discrepancy between the perspectives of the architects and engineers, as the makers of school buildings, and school management, teachers and students, as the users of the buildings, and proposes that productive and efficient participatory design of school buildings requires appropriate information tools
A comparison of the potential of digital, integrated information tools, such as in Building Information Modelling (BIM), and a successful conventional participatory design project such as the WP shows that appropriate information technologies can empower users such as school management, teachers and students to become full participants in the entire life cycle of a school building
Summary
The influence of the built environment on the learning experience is a recurring subject in both educational and architectural studies. In the interaction between designers, architects, engineers, and consultants, the use of visual approaches and information technology is common practice These tools could support managers, teachers and students in participating in the design process of their school building, enabling them to improve the alignment between educational goals and policy and the built learning environment. The proposed use of BIM is compared to a retrospective analysis of the design process at an innovative Dutch school, the Werkplaats Kindergemeenschap ( WP) in Bilthoven, The Netherlands, which realised a new secondary education building in 2006 without the structural use of a visual information tool like BIM Applied to the school context, these are: 1. Initiative: Before starting to design, school management, teachers, students and related stakeholders, such as educational policy makers, specify what is needed: the feasibility of the school, its location, budget, brief, etc
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