Abstract
The work develops an analysis based on integrated perception of landscape and soundscape in urban forests (UF) to classify recreational suitability at spatial level. Scientific literature stresses a lack of decision support systems allowing for management of cultural ecosystem services in UF. An innovative approach grounded on landscape and soundscape’s individual perceptions are implemented to cope with this need. Geographic Information System, virtual reality and psychoacoustic parameters are merged to allow for an improved elicitation of willingness to visit UF. Geostatistical methods and the use of the Street View application enable for spatialization of output. The test area is located in an urban park of the city of Florence (Italy). Results stress the importance of logistics and tree variables (e.g., density) to assess the cultural service in the case of visual perception. Natural and people-related sounds as well as aural loudness seem to be significant for integrated perception, in addition to visual parameters. The open-source approach applied in the research can simplify replication to other case studies and the updating of the output. Future improvement and integration of the work for UF recreational planning are suggested.
Highlights
Smart and sustainable planning of urban forest (UF) is promoted by European policies and guidelines to favor an inclusive economy and well-being at city level, as well as to endorse the delivery of Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES)
This study aims to develop a spatial-based model to support the zoning of UF according to their ability in furnishing CES according to users’ perception
The maps of land informative system (LIS) were elaborated to obtain the density of trees, the average diameter, and the distance from both roads with car access and footpaths (Figure 3)
Summary
Smart and sustainable planning of urban forest (UF) is promoted by European policies and guidelines to favor an inclusive economy and well-being at city level, as well as to endorse the delivery of Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES). The CES concept has assumed importance in UF planning and management. A peculiarity of CES is the importance of spatial valuation due to a strong relationship with place [4]. Geographic information systems (GIS) could be a useful tool to facilitate visualization and disclosure of green spaces’ management process. Among topics focused on the GIS application in UF, the multi-scale assessment of CES [5] and the participatory process in planning [6] can be mentioned
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