Abstract

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1. All translations are mine and I have aimed for accuracy in meaning and register rather than poetry and metrics. 2. MC is another word for rapper referring to rap's origins in live shows; the Master of Ceremonies would entertain and stimulate the audience with his wit while the DJ performed. 3. The term ‘flow’ in rap refers to each rapper's idiosyncratic diction, scansion and virtuosity in adapting them to the rhythm of the music. 4. The term résistants refers to those who participated in clandestine resistance to Nazi occupation during the Second World War. They are highly honoured in France.

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