Abstract
INTRODUCTION The shoulder girdle is a complex structure, consisting of three bones and three anatomical joints. The movements of such a complex shoulder girdle have been measured by means of MRI, X-ray, ectromagnetic sensor or surgical methods. In these studies, the movements of multiple bones and joints are measured and described in detail, having demonstrated that the movement patterns of the scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joints are consistent across healthy individuals [1]. This consistent pattern of joint movements are named the scapulohumeral rhythm, which, to date, describe primarily the relation between the joint movements in one plane (scapular upward rotation and humeral elevation). The similar relations in other planes are also expected to exist. In the present study, a convenient, video-based method was developed to determine the scapulothoracic rhythm in three-dimension and to estimate the scapular rotation for given humeral rotation measured in dynamic activities.
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