Abstract
Liner shipping is a vital component of the world trade. Liner shipping companies usually operate fixed routes and announce their schedules. However, disruptions in sea and/or at ports affect the planned vessel schedules. Moreover, some liner shipping routes pass through the areas, designated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) as emission control areas (ECAs). IMO imposes restrictions on the type of fuel that can be used by vessels within ECAs. The vessel schedule recovery problem becomes more complex when disruptions occur at such liner shipping routes, as liner shipping companies must comply with the IMO regulations. This study presents a novel mixed-integer nonlinear mathematical model for the green vessel schedule recovery problem, which considers two recovery strategies, including vessel sailing speed adjustment and port skipping. The objective aims to minimize the total profit loss, endured by a given liner shipping company due to disruptions in the planned operations. The nonlinear model is linearized and solved using CPLEX. A number of computational experiments are conducted for the liner shipping route, passing through ECAs. Important managerial insights reveal that the proposed methodology can assist liner shipping companies with efficient vessel schedule recovery, minimize the monetary losses due to disruptions in vessel schedules, and improve energy efficiency as well as environmental sustainability.
Highlights
Maritime transportation is a critical component of the global trade
Effective vessel schedule recovery is critical for liner shipping companies, including monetary losses
The vessel schedule recovery problem becomes more complex disruptions occur at the liner shipping routes, passing through emission control areas (ECAs), as liner when disruptions occur at the liner shipping routes, passing through emission control areas (ECAs), shipping companies must comply with the established International Maritime Organization (IMO)
Summary
Maritime transportation is a critical component of the global trade. According to the UnitedNations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), more than 80% of the global trade tonnage and 70% of the global trade value are carried by oceangoing vessels around the world [1]. Over the past three decades, liner shipping, which involves transporting containerized cargoes for various customers, has become a significant part of maritime transportation [1]. The latter tendency has been predicted to be sustained. A vessel transports containerized cargo to a set of ports based on a fixed schedule. Liner shipping companies form a round trip and call at several ports during a voyage (the term “voyage” refers to a single round-trip). Their schedules and transit routes are published.
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