Abstract
Velocity ambiguity is one of the main challenges in accurately measuring velocity for the future Geostationary Spaceborne Doppler Weather Radar (GSDWR) due to its short wavelength. The aim of this work was to provide a novel velocity dealiasing method for frequency diversity for the future implementation of GSDWR. Two different carrier frequencies were transmitted on the adjacent pulse-pair and the order of the pulse-pair was exchanged during the transmission of the next pulse-pair. The Doppler phase shift between these two adjacent pulses was estimated based on the technique of the frequency diversity pulse-pair (FDPP), and Doppler velocity was estimated on the sum of the Doppler phase within the adjacent pulse repetition time (PRT). From the theoretical result, the maximum unambiguous velocity estimated by FDPP is only decided by the interval time of the two adjacent pulses and radar wavelength. An echo signal model on frequency diversity was established to simulate echo signals of the GSDWR to verify the extension of the maximum unambiguous velocity and the accuracy of the velocity estimation for FDPP used on GSDWR. The study demonstrates that the FDPP algorithm can extend the maximum unambiguous velocity greater than the Stagger PRT method and the unambiguous range and velocity are no longer limited by the chosen value of pulse repetition frequency (PRF). In the Ka band, the maximum unambiguous velocity can be extended to 105 m/s when the interval time is 10 μs and most velocity estimation biases are less than 0.5 m/s.
Highlights
Space-borne Precipitation Radar (SPR) is an active measurement radar used on a satellite platform that can observe rainfall characteristics in all weather conditions at all times with three-dimensional (3D) detection in the range of the radar observation
The results show that this frequency diversity pulse-pair (FDPP) algorithm has better velocity estimation performance and can extend the maximum unambiguous velocity for Geostationary Spaceborne Doppler Weather Radar (GSDWR)
The Spaceborne Weather Radar is an effective tool for global precipitation observation
Summary
Space-borne Precipitation Radar (SPR) is an active measurement radar used on a satellite platform that can observe rainfall characteristics in all weather conditions at all times with three-dimensional (3D) detection in the range of the radar observation. The first SPR was carried on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite, which was launched in 1997 [2]. Frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) is working, carried by the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) that was launched in 2013 [3]. While studying the low-orbiting SPR, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) proposed the Next-Generation Radar (NEXRAD) in the space research project to deploy a weather radar in geostationary orbit for hurricane detection. In contrast to low-orbiting SPR, the Geostationary Spaceborne Doppler Weather Radar (GSDWR) provides
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