Abstract
A variable-temperature sample container was developed for the neutron powder diffraction study of crystal structures and phase transitions in solidified gases. It consists of two coaxial tubes made of boron-free fused silica and fitted with heating coils and thermocouples. The exchange space between the tubes is filled with low-pressure helium gas controlled by two fine needle valves. Used in conjunction with a centre-stick-type liquid-helium cryostat and a proportional temperature controller, it maintains a powder sample of about 8 cm3 volume at a constant temperature anywhere in the 4.2 to 77.4 K temperature range. Its stability is not worse than ±0.15 K and the liquid-helium consumption is about 1 litre a day above 17 K, increasing up to 6 litres a day at lower temperatures. It can also be used for the preparation of fine-grained powder samples directly from the gas phase.
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