Abstract
Optimal scheduling strategy of integrated energy systems (IES) with combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) has become increasingly important. In order to make the scheduling strategy fit to the practical implementation, this paper proposes a variable performance parameters temperature–flowrate scheduling model for IES with CCHP. The novel scheduling model is established by taking flowrate and temperature as decision variables directly. In addition, performance parameters are treated as variables rather than constants in the proposed model. Specifically, the efficiencies of the gas turbine and the waste heating boiler are estimated with the partial load factor, and the coefficient of performance (COP) of the electrical chillers and heat pumps are estimated with the partial load factor and outlet water temperature. Then, to deal with the model nonlinearities caused by considering the variability of COPs, the COP-expansion method is developed by adopting a specific representation of the COP and the expansion of the outlet water temperature. Finally, case studies show that the variable performance parameters’ temperature–flowrate scheduling model can account for the variation of performance parameters, especially the impacts of water temperature and the part load factor on the COP. Therefore, the proposed scheduling model can obtain more adequate and feasible operation strategy, thereby suggesting its applicability in engineering practice.
Highlights
In recent years, increased global awareness has grown on the comprehensive utilization of multiple energy [1]
The coefficient of performance (COP) of heat pumps (HP)/electrical chillers (EC) are influenced by the outlet temperature and partial load factor, and the ηGT,ηWHB are influenced by the partial load rate
(2) Most of the models are energy-transfer based scheduling models, which are established by taking the energy transfer as decision variables rather than the temperature and flowrate, so energy-transfer based scheduling models can not take the impact of water temperature on performance parameters into account, and the scheduling results can not be directly applied to the control device
Summary
In recent years, increased global awareness has grown on the comprehensive utilization of multiple energy [1]. These energy-transfer based scheduling models can not take the impact of water temperature on performance parameters into account Some devices such as chillers and heat pumps, can not implement the energy transfer instruction, and the load control of these devices is achieved by controlling the outlet temperature and flowrate indirectly. In contrast to studies mentioned above, this paper proposes a variable performance parameter temperature–flowrate scheduling model for IES This scheduling model has two-fold merits: (1) The proposed scheduling model takes flowrate and temperature as decision variables which means that the scheduling results can be directly applied to the control device; (2) Performance parameters are treated as variable, more precisely, the efficiencies of the gas turbine and the waste heat boiler are estimated with the partial load factor, and the COPs of the electrical chiller and heat pump are estimated with the partial load factor and outlet water temperature collectively.
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