Abstract
Abstract. The Chilean SNASPE is a complex network of 104 protected areas covering 18.5 million hectares of continental and insular Chile in South America. The geographical complexity and high biodiversity of the SNASPE make difficult to develop a unified monitoring system for conservation and management. In this contribution, we introduce a novel and remote-sensing web-platform for monitoring SNASPE units based completely in open acces data and software. The platform was designed in close cooperation with the Chilean forest service CONAF in order to make it applicable to the whole SNASPE. Following the framework of the Group on Earth Observation - Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO-BON), we used the Essential Biodiversity Variable (EBV) Phenology and MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) data to detect in near-real-time anomalies from the normal annual phenological cycle of vegetation. The platform is based on a flexible non-parametric probabilistic algorithm (the “npphen” R package) capable to reconstruct any type of leaf phenology and to quantify its inter-annual variation by means of confidence intervals around the most probable annual curve. Phenological anomalies are then calculated as a deviation from the expected annual cycle and judged based on their location within the confidence intervals. Anomalies located above 95% confidence interval trigger a “red alert” which is displayed on the web application as soon as the MODIS data become available. This user-friendly platform was implemented in the La Campana National Park giving early alerts of a severe drought in 2019, warning Conaf to implement actions to protect the park from potential wild fires.
Highlights
The Group on Earth Observation – Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO-BON) is a global initiative aimed at developing an integrated and interoperable biodiversity observation system to support decision-making at multiple scales (Gill et al, 2014)
Following the framework of the Group on Earth Observation - Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO-BON), we used the Essential Biodiversity Variable (EBV) Phenology and MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) data to detect in near-real-time anomalies from the normal annual phenological cycle of vegetation
The platform is based on a flexible non-parametric probabilistic algorithm capable to reconstruct any type of leaf phenology and to quantify its inter-annual variation by means of confidence intervals around the most probable annual curve
Summary
The Group on Earth Observation – Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO-BON) is a global initiative aimed at developing an integrated and interoperable biodiversity observation system to support decision-making at multiple scales (from local to global) (Gill et al, 2014) To achieve this ambitious goal, GEOBON has suggested 22 candidate EBVs as an effort to harmonize biodiversity monitoring at a global scale (Pereira et al, 2013; Vihervaara et al, 2017). In 2015 Conaf incorporated the Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation (CMP, 2007) in the planning and management of the Chilean network of protected areas SNASPE These standards, developed by the Conservation Measures Partnership (CMP) - a consortium of conservation organizations -, place special efforts in developing monitoring systems and indicators to evaluate conservation practices for each cycle of adaptative management (CMP, 2007; Schwartz et al, 2012). The evaluation of OdeC conservation status is carried out by selecting “key ecological attributes” (in Spanish “atributos ecológicos clave”, AEC),
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