A Universal Design Method Based on Analysis for Cylindrical Shells With Nozzles Due to Internal Pressure, External Forces and Moments: Part I

Abstract

An improved version is presented for analytical solution developed by the authors and the applicable ranges of the theoretical solutions for two normally intersecting cylindrical shells are successfully extended from d/D≤0.8 and λ=d/(DT)1/2≤8 up to d/D ≤0.9 and λ≤12. The thin shell theoretical solution is obtained by solving a complex boundary value problem for a pair of 4-th order complex-valued partial differential equations (exact Morley equations) for the shell and the nozzle. The accuracy of results is improved by some additional terms to the expressions for resultant forces and moments in terms of complex-valued displacement-stress function. The presented theoretical stress concentration factors due to pressure are in agreement with the test results in literatures. The presented theoretical results are in good agreement with those by 3-D finite element method for all the seven load cases, i.e., internal pressure and six external branch pipe load components involving axial tension, two kinds of transverse shear forces, longitudinal and circumferential bending and torsion moments.