A unified continuum theory of electrodynamics of liquid crystals

Abstract

A unified continuum theory is proposed governing the physical behavior of all liquid crystals subject to electromagnetic (E-M) fields. Balance laws, static and dynamic constitutive equations are given. Nematic, cholesteric, smectic, chiral and nonchiral liquid crystals are discussed. Constitutive equations include the effects of gyration viscosities coupled with heat and electric conduction and E-M fields. The second law of thermodynamics and conditions of material stability are used to restrict the material moduli. The theory is shown to give the director (Oseen-Frank) theory under special conditions valid for that theory.