A Unified Approach to Digital Twin Architecture—Proof-of-Concept Activity in the Nuclear Sector

Abstract

Many approaches are currently being considered to develop digital twins and integrated digital frameworks. These approaches concentrate on an industrial sector or a single product, with the obvious risks of a lack of interoperability at differing levels of abstraction. However, a unified approach is required to truly realize the benefits of digital twins and is achievable at their current stage of development. We present proof-of-concept case studies where a digital twin architecture has been developed using standard techniques and adopting a systems-based approach. This architecture has demonstrated technical benefits such as a step-change in processing efficiency, a reduction in traditional manual interventions, an ability to integrate risk and uncertainty, and a perceived cost benefit despite the necessary up-front investment. This approach also allows for the integration of models and simulations at differing levels of detail within an overall value chain. Several wider benefits to an organization such as improved communication and recording of implicit expert knowledge were identified. These benefits we believe will offset the upfront resource required for the development of the architecture. Challenges to adopting the technology were also identified and should be addressed in parallel with future technology development. This work is a first step in establishing a practical approach to realizing a digital twin architecture that demonstrates the flexibility and scalability that can be applied universally. We discuss the wider application of this architecture to a wide range of industry sectors by adopting this unified approach and thereby realize the major benefits a digital twin can provide.