Abstract
In this paper, a two-level sensorless Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategy is presented for a variable speed Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). The proposed system is composed of a wind turbine, a direct-drive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) and a three phase controlled rectifier connected to a DC load. The realised generator output power maximization analysis justifies the use of the Field Oriented Control (FOC) giving the six Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals to the active rectifier. The generator rotor speed and position required by the FOC and the sensorless MPPT are estimated using a Synchronous Reference Frame Phase Locked Loop (SRF-PLL). The MPPT strategy used consists of two levels, the first level is a power regulation loop and the second level is an extremum seeking bloc generating the coefficient gathering the turbine characteristics. Experimental results validated on a hardware test setup using a DSP digital board (dSPACE 1104) are presented. Figures illustrating the estimated speed and angle confirm that the SRF-PLL is able to give an estimated speed and angle which closely follow the real ones. Also, the power at the DC load and the power at the generator output indicate that the MPPT gives optimum extracted power. Finally, other results show the effectiveness of the adopted approach in real time applications.
Highlights
The Earth receives every day an infinite renewable energy that we can exploit to increase sustainable development
As outlined in the introduction, the aim of this work is to build a complete Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategy for the proposed Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) detailed in Fig. 1 from which we can observe that the MPPT algorithm has two levels the first is a power regulation loop generating at its output the iqref for the Field Oriented Control (FOC) and the second is an extremum seeking system giving the value of the Kopt
A sensorless two-level MPPT strategy was applied to a variable speed wind energy conversion system composed of a wind turbine, a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) and an active rectifier connected to a DC load
Summary
The Earth receives every day an infinite renewable energy that we can exploit to increase sustainable development. Among all known forms of renewable energy, wind energy conversion has become a major producer of electric power [1]. In order to achieve this objective, several works have been carried out to avoid the use of the mechanical sensors which are expensive to buy and maintain. These sensors are usually implemented to measure the generator rotation speed as well as the angle of the rotor that are necessary for the general control of the system and the search for the maximum points of the extractable power
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