A two year histopathological study of endometrial biopsies in a teaching hospital in Northern India

Abstract

Introduction: Endometrial biopsies and curettings constitute an important tool for diagnosis of endometrial pathology; whether benign, pre-malignant and malignant, and help the gynecologist to decide appropriate therapeutic strategy. The present study was carried out to document the histopathological appearances seen in endometrial biopsies, and their age–wise distribution in patients with infertility and abnormal (irregular, excessive or continuous) uterine bleeding due to endometrial causes. Materials and Methods: A total of 214 specimens of endometrial curettings and biopsies from patients with abnormal uterine bleeding due to endometrial causes and inability to conceive, received in the Pathology department, Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital, Banur, Rajpura, over a period of two years from January 2012 upto December 2013, were retrieved and analyzed retrospectively, and their findings were documented. The tissue had been received in 10% formalin, processed routinely, and the slides had been stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. Results and Conclusion: The most common histopathological diagnosis was proliferative endometrium seen 33% cases. Products of conception were confirmed histologically in 12% cases. Endometrial hyperplasias were seen in 09% cases, and disordered proliferative endometrium in 06%. Secretory endometrium was seen in 07% cases. 02% biopsies showed atrophic endometrium. Luteal phase defects were seen in 07% of the specimens. 01% cases showed tubercular endometritis and adenocarcinoma each. The most common finding in patients of infertility was proliferative endometrium indicating anovulatory cycles. Endometrial biopsy is a valuable tool in assessment of endometrial status in infertility, as well as benign and malignant pathology in abnormal uterine bleeding due to relative ease and accessibility of procedure and rapid availability of results. Keywords: Abnormal uterine bleeding, Infertility, Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, Hyperplasia, Ca